Peasants and Religion: A Socioeconomic Study of Dios Olivorio and the Palma Sola Religion in the Dominican Republic,9780415174114

Peasants and Religion: A Socioeconomic Study of Dios Olivorio and the Palma Sola Religion in the Dominican Republic

by ;
ISBN13: 9780415174114
ISBN10: 0415174112
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 1999-12-29
Publisher(s): Routledge
List Price: $325.00

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Summary

This book analyzes the success and violent repression of a milennarian religious peasant movement in the Dominican Republic. It considers the role of changes in the international economic system and the arrival of capitalism in the area.

Table of Contents

List of figures
xii
Preface xvi
Acknowledgements xx
Some Spanish and Creole words that appear in the text xxi
Map of the Dominican Republic
xxv
Map of the Olivorista heartland
xxvi
Introduction
1(30)
The subject
2(1)
The local scene
3(2)
A plausible story
5(3)
Peasants and outsiders
8(5)
The problem of oral transmission
13(2)
The hidden Transcript
15(2)
The spiritual sphere
17(2)
Religion in peasant society: a local phenomenon
19(6)
The socioeconomic context: the failure to inculturate capitalism
25(2)
The scene of modernization
27(4)
PART I The events 31(222)
Olivorio Mateo: the life and death of a peasant god, 1908--22
33(90)
A strange savior
33(1)
The source material: myth and reality
34(5)
The field laborer
39(8)
The great storm
47(1)
The three signs
48(12)
The cult site
60(2)
The thaumaturge
62(3)
Promiscuity?
65(4)
Life within Olivorio's community
69(6)
Olivorio's teachings
75(4)
The followers of Olivorio
79(6)
The Olivorista dress
85(3)
Olivorio and the Americans
88(15)
The Haitian connection
103(9)
On the run
112(2)
Olivorio and urban residents
114(3)
The death of Olivorio
117(4)
The heritage of Olivorio
121(2)
Interlude: the survival of Olivorismo, 1922--61
123(48)
The occupation and the San Juan elite: resistance and collaboration
124(3)
The Yanquis and the Olivoristas
127(1)
Departure of the Americans and return of the caudillos
128(6)
The San Juan Valley under President Vasquez: `The principality of the Ramirezes'
134(3)
The survival of the cult
137(6)
The rise of Trujillo and the subjugation of the Ramirezes
143(10)
Trujillo's initial attacks on the Olivoristas
153(3)
The Dominicanization of the San Juan Valley
156(5)
The Ramirezes under Trujillo
161(5)
Trujillo and the Olivoristas
166(5)
Palma Sola: the revival of Olivorismo, 1961-62
171(82)
Olivorio resurrected: the twins of Palma Sola
172(7)
The foundation and organization of Palma Sola
179(14)
The road to the massacre
193(28)
The massacre
221(16)
After the massacre
237(16)
PART II The myth 253(62)
Olivorista lore
255(60)
Folklore
256(9)
A magical environment
265(4)
Olivorista salves
269(7)
The great code
276(3)
A legendary life of Olivorio
279(19)
The salves and the theology of Palma Sola
298(7)
The violent message: sectarians and outsiders
305(1)
The hidden transcript of Olivorismo
306(3)
Conclusions
309(1)
Appendix: Jonestown and Palma Sola
310(5)
PART III The causes 315(286)
Popular religion in the Dominican Republic and its influence on Olivorismo
317(66)
The Indian presence in Dominican popular religion
319(14)
The religion of the conquistadores
333(6)
The cofradias: an Afro-European fusion
339(14)
Other expressions of popular religion in the Dominican Republic reflected in Olivorismo
353(24)
Rural prophets in the Dominican Republic
377(4)
Conclusions
381(2)
Economic and political changes in the San Juan Valley, 1503--1922
383(110)
The San Juan Valley
384(6)
The economy: the early years
390(8)
In the doldrums
398(6)
The creation of a trade pattern
404(4)
Consolidation of the pattern
408(9)
Land tenure: the rise of the terrenos comuneros
417(3)
Destruction of the cattle economy
420(5)
The Haitian occupation: the rise of a peasantry
425(6)
The late nineteenth century
431(6)
Property rights in land
437(5)
Socioeconomic changes: the sugar industry
442(5)
Changes in the Southwest
447(6)
The border problem
453(7)
Surveying the land
460(9)
Political chaos and anarchy: the crisis of caudillismo
469(6)
War and occupation
475(2)
The gavilleros
477(5)
A social bandit
482(3)
Olivorio's appeal
485(4)
Who killed Olivorio?
489(4)
A new era: economic change, politics and Palma Sola, 1922--63
493(67)
The American heritage
493(6)
The Vasquez years: irrigation and colonization
499(5)
The Dominican economy under Trujillo
504(7)
The San Juan Valley under Trujillo
511(9)
The seccion of Carrera de Yeguas at the beginning of the 1960s
520(2)
Local politics and Palma Sola
522(11)
National politics and Palma Sola
533(27)
Justifying a massacre: official religion and ideology in the Dominican Republic, 1492--1962
560(41)
The condemnation of Palma Sola
561(3)
True Spaniards versus Ethiopian vices
564(2)
The Dominican church and the Spanish crown
566(3)
`Negroes' and Indians'
569(3)
The black `menace' from the west
572(3)
Voodoo as the ultimate threat to Hispanidad
575(5)
El Jefe and his crusade against voodoo
580(6)
The Catholic church and its Benefactor
586(9)
The changing attitude of the church
595(6)
PART IV The wider context 601(120)
Prophets, messiahs and gods: Olivorismo in a universal context
603(67)
Was Olivorio a charismatic leader?
604(2)
El Gran Poder de Dios
606(14)
The illiterate message
620(3)
Thaumaturges
623(7)
Prophet, messiah or god?
630(21)
The taxonomy problem
651(6)
The spirit of the place: La Maguana and Palma Sola as hierophany
657(3)
Communitas
660(4)
Pilgrimages
664(3)
Conclusions
667(3)
Conclusions
670(51)
Biography
671(2)
The emergence of a folk religion
673(1)
The creation of a myth
674(1)
The economics of continuity and change
675(3)
The border: trade and prejudice
678(2)
The political dimension
680(1)
Topdogs, underdogs and social bandits
681(3)
The right time and the right place but the wrong men
684(1)
The global context
685(5)
Epilogue, 1963--90
Bosch, Imbert, Caamano and the 1965 civil war
690(12)
Some other actors
702(1)
The survivors
703(4)
Bosch, Balaguer and the Olivoristas
707(11)
Conclusions
718(3)
References 721(38)
Index 759

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