Plant Tropisms
by Editor: Simon Gilroy (Pennsylvania State University); Editor: Patrick Masson (University of Wisconsin-Madison)Format: eBook
Pub. Date: 2008-03-01
Publisher(s): Wiley-Blackwell
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Summary
Tropisms, the defined vectorial stimuli, such as gravity, light, touch, humidity gradients, ions, oxygen, and temperature, which provide guidance for plant organ growth, is a rapidly growing and changing field. The last few years have witnessed a true renaissance in the analysis of tropisms. As such the conception of tropisms has changed from being seen as a group of simple laboratory curiosities to their recognition as important tools/phenotypes with which to decipher basic cell biological processes that are essential to plant growth and development. Plant Tropisms will provide a comprehensive, yet integrated volume of the current state of knowledge on the molecular and cell biological processes that govern plant tropisms.
Table of Contents
| Contributors | |
| Preface | |
| Mechanisms of Gravity Perception in Higher Plants | |
| Introduction | |
| Identification and characterization of gravity perception sites in plant organs | |
| Roots | |
| Hypocotyls and inflorescence stems (dicotyledons) | |
| Cereal pulvini (monocotyledons) | |
| The Starch-statolith hypothesis | |
| A variety of plant organs utilize sedimenting amyloplasts to sense gravity | |
| Amyloplast sedimentation is influenced by the environment and developmental stage of the plant | |
| The gravitational pressure model for gravity sensing | |
| The cytoskeleton in gravity perception | |
| Concluding remarks and future prospects | |
| Acknowledgment | |
| Literature Cited | |
| Signal Transduction in Gravitropism | |
| Introduction | |
| Gravity signal transduction in roots and above-ground organs | |
| Do mechano-sensitive ion channels function as gravity receptors? | |
| Inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate seems to function in gravity signal transduction | |
| Do pH changes contribute to gravity signal transduction? | |
| Proteins implicated in gravity signal transduction | |
| Global '-omic' approaches to the study of root gravitropism | |
| Re-localization of auxin transport facilitators or activity regulation? | |
| Could cytokinin also contribute to the gravitropic signal? | |
| Gravity signal transduction in organs that do not grow vertically | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| Cited Literature | |
| Auxin Transport and the Integration of Gravitropic Growth | |
| Introduction to auxins | |
| Auxin transport and its role in plant gravity response | |
| Approaches to Identify Proteins that Mediate IAA Efflux | |
| Proteins that Mediate IAA Efflux | |
| IAA influx carriers and their role in gravitropism | |
| Regulation of IAA efflux protein location and activity during gravity response | |
| Mechanisms that may control localization of IAA efflux carriers | |
| Regulation of IAA efflux by synthesis and degradation of efflux carriers | |
| Regulation of auxin transport by reversible protein phosphorylation | |
| Regulation of auxin transport by flavonoids | |
| Regulation of auxin transport by other signaling pathways | |
| Regulation of gravity response by ethylene | |
| Overview of the mechanisms of auxin induced growth | |
| Conclusions | |
| Acknowledgements | |
| Cited Literature | |
| Phototropism and its Relationship to Gravitropism | |
| Phototropism: General Description and Distribution | |
| Light Perception | |
| Signal Transduction and Growth Response | |
| Interactions with Gravitropism | |
| Importance to Plant Form and Function | |
| Conclusions and outlook | |
| References | |
| Touch Sensing and Thigmotropism | |
| Introduction | |
| Plant mechanoresponses | |
| Specialized touch responses | |
| Thigmomorphogenesis and thigmotropism | |
| General principles of touch perception | |
| Gating through membrane tension: the mechanoreceptor for hypoosmotic stress in bacteria, MscL | |
| Gating through tethers: the mechanoreceptor for gentle touch in Caenorhabditis elegans | |
| Evidence for mechanically gated ion channels in plants | |
| Signal transduction in Touch & Gravity Perception | |
| Ionic signaling | |
| Ca2+ signaling in the touch and gravity response | |
| Insights from transcriptional profiling | |
| Interaction of touch and gravity signaling/response | |
| Conclusion and Perspectives | |
| Acknowledgements | |
| Cited Literature | |
| Other Tropisms and their Relationship to Gravitropism | |
| Introduction | |
| Hydrotropism | |
| Early studies of hydrotoprism | |
| Genetic analysis of hydrotropis | |
| Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved. |
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